Is Hard to Say Good Bye Free Essays

Is Hard to bid farewell Death is most likely the main thing on the planet that is sure throughout everyday life. As people, we are conceived, we develop, we imitate and finally incredible. It is the common request and as characteristic as it might sound, people have various responses to such an occasion. We will compose a custom paper test on Is Hard to Say Good Bye or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now For the duration of our lives, we impact or are affected by individuals; these impacts show themselves through bringing up a youngster; being an instructor, keeping an eye on. In these cooperations, we make enduring associations with those whom we go over when demise transpires of the included gatherings; void follows the enduring individual. As a future medical attendant, and because of the idea of my occupation, I might be associated with a circumstance where I should manage looming passing. Feelings will start to occur, on the two finishes. On my end I will be attempting to support the patient, and the patient dealing with their predetermination. In the accompanying pages, I will examine how my reactions to the â€Å"Reflections on dying† may affect a restorative relationship with a mother of a three years of age youngster who has a half year to live. In such conversation, you will find out about my contemplations, sentiments, convictions, and qualities with respect to death and patient connections. Considerations; Usually when I initially know about a demise My musings on death start with distress for the departure of an individual who is noteworthy on someone’s live. Subsequent to meeting a patient who is a mother, and understanding that she doesn't have a lot of time I will be profoundly disheartened whatever will happen to her. I may create affections for the child’s prosperity. My qualm would be that of compassion. As a medical caretaker I should show sympathy, empathy, and quality simultaneously towards patients. Demonstrating feelings would no doubt exacerbate an effectively pitiful circumstance. This patient is a mother of a three years of age youngster; she won't see her child grow up. In this manner, I will have the most extreme compassion. Likewise, I will show quality. This is important to convince the patient to live completely the time she has left. In the event that I am the individual breaking the news to her, I will be forthcoming and direct without keeping any data from the patient; since I accept that glossing over the reality will prompt blended sentiments on the patient. I will advise her to make each day, consistently, and consistently tally and to make the most of her kid so as to leave an enduring inheritance. Emotions; sooner or later, my underlying response to death Therapeutic relations with critically ill patients will likewise include blended sentiments. There will be a war within me, my musings will advise me to be solid, yet my sentiments will need me to feel amazingly miserable, sad, and bumbling for not having the option to support the patient. These emotions will wait each endeavor to communicate with the patient. It is normal for me to feel tragic at the future misfortune; in any event, when I’ve just known the patient since she began getting rewarded; still all life is valuable. She is significant to numerous individuals, exceptionally her kid. I will feel inept, which will prompt resentment for realizing that there is nothing that I can improve. By then, I will depend on my demonstrable skill to uncover and assist me with acting as needs be. The motivation behind why my sentiments are typically solid is on the grounds that when I was twelve years of age, my grandma kicked the bucket; she essentially raised me. I invested more energy with my grandma around then, than I had gone through with my mom. I was snoozing when I was informed that she had passed on, and emotions started to spin out of control. The annoyance, and misery were excruciating, and since the time that second, I have been touchy with regards to death. Convictions; My transcendent feeling to death I accept that all life is important; this conviction will impact my sentiments yet not my restorative associations with my patient. Notwithstanding what I may accept, I realize that it is my obligation to give treatment the most ideal support of the patient. Being steady to the patient, and her relatives are my need. In the event that I was in the patient’s shoes, I might want the medical caretaker to bring me up as opposed to bringing me down in a period of scarcity. I would need the medical caretaker to disclose to me my condition with no guarantees; that way, I can settle on the correct choices with my life. Likewise I might want to have everything clear with regards to my youngster, and I might want to live my couple of months as cheerful as could be expected under the circumstances and torment free. Qualities; the manner in which I may lament Integrity is one of the primary qualities I hold dear. A person’s word is their bond; without uprightness, our words amount to nothing. From uprightness, regard and poise follow on my rundown of qualities. My considerations will impact moral choices when directing restorative advising. They will likewise reaffirm with my sentiments to guarantee I oversee myself with quality. What's more, approaching all with deference and pride are a need in my qualities list. In this way, when managing a patient; everything else stops and I give full consideration to the patient’s needs. I will give data and proposals on approaches to remain sound and upbeat, even idea the patient won’t get by for long I feel that is ideal to keep the patient glad and agreeable. End In the last not many pages, I’ve clarified my contemplations on death. How my underlying responses to death would be and how my contemplations would impact me. At that point, I clarified how my sentiments would show, and how they would have an impact during routine cooperations with the patient. I shared my convictions and the association between my convictions, and considerations when managing misfortune. At last, I talked about my qualities as they identify with death. Regardless of which circumstance we wind up in; being the ones getting awful news or giving the awful news; we will respond diversely to such a sudden occasion. For whatever length of time that we treat others with the regard and nobility they merit, and we show the sympathy we can have any kind of effect on a patient’s remaining lifetime. It takes fortitude to show quality, and lowliness to show compassion, yet the fulfillment to realize that we have made the best decision would give solace to prop us up. The most effective method to refer to Is Hard to Say Good Bye, Essay models

Italian and German Opera Essay

he Italian show and the German drama are two distinct fields that both offer qualities, some of which are resembled, and some of which differentiate. In particular, Giuseppe Verdi and Richard Wagner use themes, for example, recovery through affection, enthusiasm, and penance which run all through both of their dramas. The topic of selling out likewise is by all accounts reverberated all through the two dramas; yet they are each used to extend an alternate reaction. The criticalness of this examination shows that Verdi and Wagner may suggest similar references, for example, Victor Hugo, Shakespeare, and Byron, yet the dramas The Flying Dutchman (German show) and that of Nabucco (Italian show) are totally extraordinary in setting, and melodic style; maybe even The Flying Dutchman is a melodic impersonation of Italian drama while as yet attempting to start his own melodic thoughts too. The Italian drama has three primary classifications: the Baroque, the Romantic, and the Modern. Italian show originally began to emerge in the seventeenth century, and roughly 200 years after the fact, the Romantic classification was presented. All through the seventeenth century there were numerous advancements in Italian drama due to Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643), who composed his first show in 1607 (La Favola d’Orfeo) which right up 'til today, is still performed. He presented thoughts, for example, the bel canto and buffa styles. Having a solid association between the instrumental music and words was vital to Monteverdi, and this turned into a significant topic for other show arrangers to follow. The Romantic dramas began to show up in the mid nineteenth century. Sentimental dramas stress the universe of creative mind and feelings and through its music and aria’s was this topic amplified. Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) was one the arrangers of this period who changed the manner in which authors would always more gander at operatic composition. His first effective drama Nabucco was quickly generally welcomed by the general population for its astounding tunes, and energetic music. One of the chorale understandings Nabucodonosor, or in English, Nebuchadnezzar. This drama has four acts, and to the lyrics by Temistocle Solera dependent on the scriptural story of Nebuchadnezzar. To a limited extent one the Priest Zaccaria tells the Jews that there still might be harmony because of the nearness of a prisoner, Fenena,(the more youthful little girl of Nabucco). Zaccaria offers Fenena to Ismaele,â (the nephew of the King of Jerusalem). Ismaele advises her to escape despite the fact that they love each other. The King (Nabucco) enters and Zaccaria resists him, and takes steps to slaughter Fenena with a blade. Ismaele intercedes to spare her. Nabucco reacts by requesting the pulverization of the sanctuary, and the Jews revile Ismaele as a swindler. Partially two Nabucco is away at war and has named Fenena as ruler. Abigaille (Fenena’s more seasoned sister) has found a record that demonstrates she isn't really Nabucco’s genuine little girl, however truth be told, a slave. The Priest of Baal attempts to put Abigaille on the seat by spreading gossip that Nabucco passed on in fight. At that point Fenena is changed over to the Jewish religion. Out of nowhere Nabucco himself enters which is unforeseen on the grounds that everybody thinks he is dead. He at that point pronounces himself God. Zaccaria objects, so then Nabucco orders that the Jews be executed. Fenena says that she will pass on as one of them. When Nabucco says he is god again he is hit by a jolt and goes crazy. The crown falls and is gotten by Abigaille. The Priest presents Abigaille the Jews and Fenena’s capital punishment. Nabucco strolls in resembling a lunatic, and cases his seat. Abigaille convinces him to complete the sentence, however at long last he asks that his girl, Fenena be saved. Here, Nabucco reveals to Abigaille that she isn't his genuine girl however actually a slave. Abigaille then wrecks the record with the proof of her being a slave. He is currently a detainee, and argues for Fenena’s life. At that point we hear the renowned chorale Va persiero, recited by the Jews as they long for their Homeland. In the last demonstration Nabucco’s wellbeing and attitude are completely recuperated. He sees Fenena in ties being taken to her demise. He at that point approaches God for absolution and vows to remake the sanctuary in Jerusalem, and to follow the â€Å"true faith.† He and his reliable warriors choose to rebuff the backstabbers and salvage Fenena. The Jews and Fenena are set up for death on the conciliatory special stepped area of Baal. Nabucco surges in with his blade and the Idol of Baal breaks into pieces. Nabucco tells the Jews they are free. Abigaille enters. She harmed herself. She requests absolution of Fenena, says she’s sorry and kicks the bucket. Zaccaria (the cleric) hails Nabucco as the ‘servant of God and the King of Kings.’ After Nabucco, Verdi put together his shows with respect to increasingly standard sentimental sources by Victor Hugo, Shakespeare, and Lord Byron. Orchestrally, it is scored for strings, timpani, bass drum, cymbals, two woodwinds, one piccolo, two oboes, one English horn, two clarinets, two bassoons, four French horns, two trumpets, three trombones, two harps, and one cimbasso. Musically, this show is straightforwardly energetic. It adheres to the broadly utilized ideas of arias, two part harmonies, finales, and ensembles. His fine music regularly pardoned the glaring issues in character and plot lines. Logically, there are topics of adoration, treachery, and enthusiasm spoke to. We see love through Kind Nabucco’s love for his little girl Fenena, and his consistent need to help and ensure her. It is practically through this adoration that he is recovered, and made entire once more. We likewise observe the adoration among Ismaele and Fenena as unadulterated and certified. Despite the fact that this drama isn't legitimately energetic to Italy itself, it shows a specific compassion and association with the individuals of Jerusalem and their hardships. Abigaille double-crosses her ‘family’ and her kin. The selling out of close friends and family is by all accounts a well known subject for some Italian and German shows. The German show can be found in four fundamental sorts: the Baroque, the Classical, the Romantic, and the Modern. German show initially began to appear in the seventeenth century roughly three decades after the Italians had begun making dramas. German writers constantly attempted to challenge the Italian predominance generally of the seventeenth and eighteenth century, however none were effective until Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart built up the convention of genuine German show in 1781 with the arrival of Idomeneo. Mozart took the class of Singspiel and developed it into something unmistakably increasingly refined. The Classical period rose in the late eighteenth century, and as of now, a ton of German arrangers were all the while abstaining from writing in their own language. This was on the grounds that the courts of German states supported Italian dramas. In 1730, the Italian librettist and head of show seria, Metastasio, took up home as the majestic writer in Vienna. Show in German had to lookâ to the overall population to endure in light of the fact that it had no highborn financing. This implied showy organizations needed to visit from town to town. The Singspiel turned into the most mainstream type of German show, particularly by the arranger Johann Adam Hiller. The Singspiel’s were comedies entwining communicated in language with singing. They frequently had basic music; Singspiele were no counterpart for the drama serias in masterful expert articulation and modernity. However toward the finish of the eighteenth century Mozart changed this, as referenced previously. Richard Wagner is one of the most dubious writers from the beginning of time. He changed the manner in which everybody took a gander at drama in Germany and Austria, however all through Europe. Wagner progressively developed another idea of drama: Gesamtkunstwerk (which means â€Å"complete work of art†), restricting music, verse and painting all together. Wagner accepted his vocation genuinely started with The Flying Dutchman (Der fliegende Hollander) (1843). Along with the two works which followed, Tannhauser and Lohengrin, this has been portrayed as the â€Å"zenith of German Romantic opera† (Parker 220). The Flying Dutchman was preformed in Dresden at the Semper Oper in 1843. Both the music and lyrics is by Wagner himself. This show has three acts and depends on the legend of the Flying Dutchman who is chief of a boat sentenced to cruise until Judgment Day. In the main demonstration skipper Daland is on his excursion home when he is compelled to take asylum because of the turbulent climate. He leaves the helmsman on watch and he and the mariners quit working. The helmsman nods off. A spooky vessel shows up and imperceptible hands fold the sails. A man wearing dark advances aground. Having broken his guarantee, he is reviled to wander the ocean always without rest. A holy messenger says that toward the finish of like clockwork he will be provided reason to feel ambiguous about the shore and in the event that he can discover a spouse who will be consistent with him he will be recovered. Daland meets him. The apparition offers him treasure, and when he hears that Daland has an unmarried little girl, he requests her as his better half. Enticed by gold Daland assents, and the two vessels set sail. In the second demonstration Senta groggily looks at the image of the Flying Dutchman, whom she wants to spare. Against the desire of her attendant she sings the tale of the Dutchman, and she says she will spare him. Erik (who lovesâ her) shows up and hears her and cautions her, advising her of his fantasy, where Daland came back with a baffling outsider, who takes her off to the ocean. Daland at long last shows up with the outsider, and he and Senta stand looking at one another. Senta then promises to be honest till death. In the last demonstration the group of Daland welcomes the men on the bizarre vessel to participate in the merriments. The young ladies resign in amazement, and Daland’s men retreat in dread. Senta shows up, trailed by Erik, who admonishes her for her renunciation, as she had cherished him previously and had promised her unwaveringness to him. At the point when the outsider hears these words, he is overpowered with bitterness, as now he is everlastingly lost.

Tests to Help You Know If You Have a Drinking Problem

Tests to Help You Know If You Have a Drinking Problem Addiction Alcohol Use Print 4 Online Tests to Help Determine Drinking Problems By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on February 02, 2020 Stefano Gilera/Cultura Exclusive/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The short answer is if you have to ask whether or not you have a drinking problem, chances are that you do. And if others in your life have told you that you have a problem, you probably do. If you have continued to drink in spite of negative consequences, that could be an indication of a serious problem. Most people who experience problems with drinking, simply quit. They have one particularly painful or embarrassing drinking incident, wake up the next morning and tell themselves, Never again! and thats it. They stop drinking; just like that, no problem. If you have done the same thing â€" told yourself you would never get that drunk again, or even drink again  â€" but found yourself a few days later doing exactly what you swore to yourself you would never do, chances are your drinking falls into the category of alcohol abuse, at the very least, and alcohol dependence at worse. What Is Alcohol Abuse? Alcohol abuse is described as any harmful use of alcohol and that by definition is a drinking problem. Whether or not you have become alcohol dependent is another question and whether or not you come to believe that you are an alcoholic, is yet another question. If you think that you have a drinking problem, you should seek a full evaluation by a healthcare professional. There are many diagnostics tests available online that can help you self-evaluate your drinking, but none of them should substitute for professional medical advice. Online Tests Here are some of the tests that are available online: Alcohol Abuse Enabling  Quiz:  Are you enabling an alcoholic in your life? This quiz can help you find out.  The 10 question test is completely confidential and anonymous; your results are not recorded and are available only to you.  AAs 12 Questions:  This yes-or-no 12-question test is used to determine if A.A. might be helpful to you, but it can also be used to help you determine if you are in deep trouble with your drinking.CAGE Questionnaire:  Developed by the American Psychiatric Association, this four-question test is usually used by healthcare professionals to quickly determine if the need for further evaluation of a patients alcohol use is indicated.Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms Quiz:  Are you experiencing withdrawal from alcohol? If youre not sure, this quiz is for you. There are many other short alcohol screening tests that have been designed to quickly screen for drinking problems, including the MAST, the AUDIT, the FAST and others. If you have decided that you do have a drinking problem and you want to do something about it there is a world of help available, but the first step should be to contact your healthcare provider and be totally honest about your use of alcohol. Quitting alcohol suddenly can result in alcohol withdrawal symptoms that can range from mild to life-threatening.

Tests to Help You Know If You Have a Drinking Problem

Tests to Help You Know If You Have a Drinking Problem Addiction Alcohol Use Print 4 Online Tests to Help Determine Drinking Problems By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on February 02, 2020 Stefano Gilera/Cultura Exclusive/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery The short answer is if you have to ask whether or not you have a drinking problem, chances are that you do. And if others in your life have told you that you have a problem, you probably do. If you have continued to drink in spite of negative consequences, that could be an indication of a serious problem. Most people who experience problems with drinking, simply quit. They have one particularly painful or embarrassing drinking incident, wake up the next morning and tell themselves, Never again! and thats it. They stop drinking; just like that, no problem. If you have done the same thing â€" told yourself you would never get that drunk again, or even drink again  â€" but found yourself a few days later doing exactly what you swore to yourself you would never do, chances are your drinking falls into the category of alcohol abuse, at the very least, and alcohol dependence at worse. What Is Alcohol Abuse? Alcohol abuse is described as any harmful use of alcohol and that by definition is a drinking problem. Whether or not you have become alcohol dependent is another question and whether or not you come to believe that you are an alcoholic, is yet another question. If you think that you have a drinking problem, you should seek a full evaluation by a healthcare professional. There are many diagnostics tests available online that can help you self-evaluate your drinking, but none of them should substitute for professional medical advice. Online Tests Here are some of the tests that are available online: Alcohol Abuse Enabling  Quiz:  Are you enabling an alcoholic in your life? This quiz can help you find out.  The 10 question test is completely confidential and anonymous; your results are not recorded and are available only to you.  AAs 12 Questions:  This yes-or-no 12-question test is used to determine if A.A. might be helpful to you, but it can also be used to help you determine if you are in deep trouble with your drinking.CAGE Questionnaire:  Developed by the American Psychiatric Association, this four-question test is usually used by healthcare professionals to quickly determine if the need for further evaluation of a patients alcohol use is indicated.Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms Quiz:  Are you experiencing withdrawal from alcohol? If youre not sure, this quiz is for you. There are many other short alcohol screening tests that have been designed to quickly screen for drinking problems, including the MAST, the AUDIT, the FAST and others. If you have decided that you do have a drinking problem and you want to do something about it there is a world of help available, but the first step should be to contact your healthcare provider and be totally honest about your use of alcohol. Quitting alcohol suddenly can result in alcohol withdrawal symptoms that can range from mild to life-threatening.

How Technology Changed Education Essays - 2595 Words

How Technology Has Changed Education Today’s education differs much from the education fifty years ago. One of the reasons they are so different is because of technology. In the past fifty years the world of technology has grown tremendously, affecting everything, including education. A few things that have been brought into the world of education are computers, video and digital equipment such as DVDs, digital cameras and recording devices. The technology also includes information presentation technologies which includes the Smart Board, and different interactive whiteboards. There are many more that schools did not have fifty years ago. Technology has been proven to help students achieve in reading, writing, and arithmetic.†¦show more content†¦For example, students who learn better by listening can understand more fully with audio and videos shown on the board. (Bell ) For visual learners, students can watch as the lesson develops across the board. Research has shown that students of all ages respond well to interactive white boards. With everyone loving the boards so much, students will jump at every chance to use the board. Interactive Whiteboards make kids want to learn. It makes them more willing to listen and focus on the lesson. Fifty years ago, classrooms didn’t have this kind of technology. Classrooms only had black boards or white boards. (Bell ) In 1992, Intel Corporation became an investor in the idea of Smart Boards. At first, not many people thought of them as a good idea, but slowly people became more used to the idea. Since then, more than 100,000 Smart Boards have been produced and sold. Since they were first produced, there have been many advances in technology, thus creating more variations of the Smart Board. The earliest models were front projection boards, rear projection boards, in-wall rear projection boards, the SMART notebook, and other useful software. (Wikibooks.Org) Since advances in technology have been made, the more recent models include th e SMART Recorder, meeting productivity software, a wireless slate, the Senteo response system, SMART camera, and the 600i interactive system. The average price for SMART Board ranges aroundShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Changed Our Student s Education1675 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the past few years, technology has created a known presence in America’s school systems. Whether it be used for home, testing, or as supplemental material for a lesson plan, technology has made itself to be detrimental to our student’s education and learning. Students who it tends to impact the most though are those in special education classrooms. Where a mainstream student may be utilizing his or her iPad for fun or educational games, special education students are using them to helpRead MoreTodays Education Has Changed Over Time1077 Words   |  5 PagesTodays education has changed in many ways over the years. From the behavior of student’s caused by different parenting skills, how teachers teach their classes as well as student’s ability to use fundamentals, media and technology all play a role in how the world of education has evolved. Robin Lawrence a thirteen year veteran teacher now a curriculum specialist at Bellaire Elementary has a good insight into how the educational system has changed over time. Past and present behavior have differedRead MoreTodays Education Has Changed Over Time1161 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Todays education has changed in many ways over the years. From the behavior of student’s caused by different parenting skills, how teachers teach their classes as well as students ability to use fundamentals, media and technology all play a role in how the world of education has evolved. Robin Lawrence a thirteen year veteran teacher now a curriculum specialist at Bellaire Elementary has a good insight into how the educational system has changed over time. Transition: N/A ParagraphRead MoreSocial Change And The 21st Century Classroom1464 Words   |  6 PagesWhile 21st Century learning and teaching is always changing, it is as dynamic as the world around us. There are many factors including globalisation, social change and technology, which are driving changes in education, with a variety of positive and negative impacts on teaching and learning in the 21st Century. With ongoing changes in teaching practices, which in turn changes the attitudes of today’s teachers and learners. A 21st century classroom is a productive environment where the teachers areRead MoreIs Technology Beneficial Or Dangerous?1541 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation technology is that it empowers people to do what they want to do. It lets people be creative. It lets people be productive. It lets people learn things they didn t think they could learn before, and so in a sense it is all about potential† (Ballmer, Steve. Steve Ballmer: AACIS Unlimited Potential Grant Ann ouncement). Technology revolutionizes the way in which procedures are completed. As the technological movement continues to spread, many ask the question: is the expansion of technology beneficialRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Higher Education1257 Words   |  6 Pages Technology and Higher Education Mithun Tamilarasan Student no. 1425955 UNIVERSITY OF CHESTER Master of Business and Administration Gautham Rajkhowa 22/10/2014 Table of context 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 2. Technology and Quality of learning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 3. Negative aspects of Technology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 4. Internet and education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 5. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 Read MoreTodays Education Has Changed Over Time1171 Words   |  5 PagesEducation Rewind Introduction: Todays education has changed in many ways over the years. From the behavior of students caused by different parenting skills, how teachers teach their classes as well as students ability to use fundamentals, media and technology all play a roll in how the world of education has evolved. Robin Lawrence a thirteen years veteran teacher now a curriculum specialist at Bellaire Elementry has a good insight to how the educational system has changed over time. Transition:Read MoreHow Instructional Technology Has Evolved Into What Is Defined As 21st Technology?1033 Words   |  5 Pages To begin to understand how instructional technology has evolved into what is defined as 21st technology today. The first question to be answered is: What is technology? According M.D. Roblyer, author of Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, â€Å"technology can be anything from a pencil to a viral environment† (2016. P. 6) If we use this definition, we can go back to prehistoric time when man used chiseled stone to carve their thoughts onto a wall inside of a cave over 200,000 years agoRead MoreEssay on Incorporation of Technology into Modern Education984 Words   |  4 PagesIncorporation of Technology into Modern Education Education has long been a part of our society. In order to keep society progressing forward, education must also progress forward. Part of this forward progression is the incorporation of technology into modern education. Technology has always been in schools. The development of things like the overhead projector, typewriter, and blackboards have all played key roles in education. However, the pinnacle of technological advances has been theRead MoreIndia And China s President Of The United States1553 Words   |  7 PagesBarack Obama, the President of the United States since 2009, proposed multiple bills during his speech, â€Å"State of the Union 2011†, to help improve the economy, education, job rate, and deficit (Obama). Obama Stated, â€Å"We need to out-innovate, out-educate, and out-build the rest of the world,† which was said to help encourage the audience to help improve the way we think, teach, and even learn (Obama). Throughout many years, the United States has become deeper in debt; therefore, Obama decided to help

Constitutional law - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1022 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Constitutional law in the UK is a varied and interesting topic, largely because of the peculiarities of the UK constitutional system. This essay will consider the issues surrounding constitutions, their definition, purpose and specifically whether the UK can be considered to have a constitution. There are several versions of the definition of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"constitutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in a legal context. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Constitutional law" essay for you Create order Bradley and Ewing consider that there are two meanings to the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" one a wider construction and the other a narrower viewpoint. The narrower of the two meanings defines a constitution as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A document having a special legal sanctity which sets out the framework and the principal functions of the organs of government within the state and declares the principles by which those organs must operate.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [1] The key element of this definition is the requirement that the constitution is a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"documentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, that it is written down in a codified form. Almost every country in the world has a written constitution which is contained within one document as this definition suggests, and in fact there are only three states who have an unwritten constitution à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the United Kingdom, Israel and New Zealand.[2] According to this narrow definition, these states have no constitution as it is not written down in a d ocument. Bradley and Ewing also discuss a wider definition of the term, which would encompass the constitutions of the UK, Israel and New Zealand: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The whole system of government of a country, the collection of rules which establish and regulate and govern the governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . [3] Under this meaning there is no need for the constitution to be written down or codified in a single document. Interestingly the same, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"widerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, definition is adopted in the Oxford English Dictionary, which makes no mention of a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"documentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The system or body of fundamental principles according to which a nation, state or body politic is constituted and governed.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [4] The purpose of a constitution is to set out an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“enduring statement of fundamental principlesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[5] It is around these fundamental principles that the law of the country is based and theor etically, as long as the fundamentals of the constitution are adhered to, the basic acknowledged rights of the people of that country will be met. A constitution will be the supreme law of a country, and will override any other law which is enacted. Another purpose of a constitution is to act as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"frameworkà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ for other legislation. Bradley and Ewing state that that around any constitution will be a variety of rules and customs which will à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“adjust the operation of the constitution to changing conditionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[6] In this way, a constitution can provide the basic, most important rules for a country which will always remain true, and still be kept up to date by altering the legislation around it to changing circumstances. Outside of the legal context, there is also a sense of nationalism in having a constitution. For example, the American Constitution is well known, and contributes significantly to a sense of pride that Americ ans feel that their country preserves their peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s most fundamental rights. This is somewhat behind the fact that the British public are weighted against signing a European Constitution, as this would identify them more with Europe than with Britain. In fact, on more than one occasion both as Chancellor of the Exchequer and as Prime Minister, Gordon Brown has commented that a codified British Constitution might strengthen the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s sense of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Britishnessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢.[7] Considering the lack of a precise definition of a constitution, it is not surprising that many people question whether Britain actually has one. If we take the narrower meaning, that a constitution must be in a codified written document then the UK clearly does not have one. In contrast the wider definition would suggest that we do in fact qualify as having a constitution. There is even some debate as to whether the UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s constitution can e ven be considered à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"unwrittenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Lord Scarman comments that it is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“not à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"unwrittenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ but hidden and difficult to findà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[8] However, we have also seen that the purpose of a constitution is to provide a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"supremeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ law, which overrides all others. In the UK, the principle of Parliamentary Sovereignty prevents there being a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"supreme lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, as Parliament may not bind itself or future Parliaments. To create a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"supreme lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ would surely do this. UK law can be changed relatively easily and is therefore much more flexible than a constitution is meant to be, for after all a constitution is meant to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"enduringà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. It is therefore this writerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s opinion that whilst the UK clearly has laws which provide for the fundamental right and freedoms of our people, this unfortu nately cannot be classed as a constitution as such as it is not codified and not meant to be an overriding law in the same way as, for example, the American Constitution. This does not in any way detract from the greatness of the UK legal system, and indeed, as Bradley and Ewing state, it has been called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“one of the most successful political structures ever devisedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .[9] Bibliography Bogdanor, Vernon Stefan Vogenauer, Enacting a British Constitution: Some Problems, P.L. 2008, Spr, 38-57 Bradley Ewing, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Longman, London: 2007 Carroll, Alex, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Longman: London: 2007 De Wet, Erika, The International Constitutional Order, I.C.L.Q. 2006, 55(1), 51-76 Jowell, Jeffrey Dawn Oliver, The Changing Constitution, Oxford University Press, Oxford: 2007 Turpin, Colin Adam Tomkins, British Government and the Constitution, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge: 2007 https:/ /dictionary.oed.com (as accessed on 10/11/08) www.westlaw.co.uk (as accessed on 10/11/08) 1 Footnotes [1] Bradley Ewing, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Longman, London: 2007, p. 4 [2] Carroll, Alex, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Longman: London: 2007, p.17 [3] Wheare, Modern Constitutions, p.1, quoted in Bradley and Ewing, Op cit (fn 4), p.4 [4] https://dictionary.oed.com (as accessed on 10/11/08) [5] Turpin, Colin Adam Tomkins, British Government and the Constitution, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge: 2007, p.4 [6] Bradley Ewing, op cit (fn 1), p.5 [7] See Bogdanor, Vernon Stefan Vogenauer, Enacting a British Constitution: Some Problems, P.L. 2008, Spr, p. 39 [8] Why Britain Needs a Written Constitution, 1992, p.4 (Quoted in Turpin op cit fn 5, p.29) [9] Bradley Ewing, op cit (fn 1) p. 4

Police Enforcement And The Law Enforcement - 2570 Words

Throughout law enforcement history there has been events that have occurred or changed made to better law enforcement for both the officer and the community. Since the early 1900s, law enforcement has been a part of our society and been there to enforce laws and protect the citizens of our country. Law enforcement has not always been the same though. Before we had what our current law enforcement is today, we had a much rougher version, one that always did not enforce the law, one with less laws to enforce, and different training models that have changed over time due to a changing world. With a changing world come new laws, new dangers, and more for law enforcement to deal with. We will discuss the philosophies of law enforcement as well†¦show more content†¦They felt like it was taking away their rights as a citizen as well as their privacy. Even though some types of law enforcement did exist before, this was the first actual police department that was setup. Law enforceme nt type figures can be seen as far back as you can see. Weather it was a king putting individuals in place to enforce his rules or for someone in power. This is still a form of law enforcement in its early stages. There has always been someone to make rules or laws and with that there is always someone to put in place to enforce them. The development of law enforcement in the United States closely paralleled the development of policing in England. (Gaines, 2014) As people migrated to America from England, they brought their ideas with them as well, law enforcement being one of them. Early American law enforcement focused on different things then England. They focused on control of people by class, such as slaves, maintaining order in the cities and markets and controlling things such as alcohol, gambling and weapons. As American grew and became stronger, so did its law enforcement. With new innovations and growing numbers came more laws, more problems, and more officers needed to e nforce the laws and community police. Many of the first police departments were in the northeast such as Boston who created a night watch in 1636 and a rattle watch, which lead to New York in 1658, Philadelphia in 1700, and St. Louis forming a

Motives And Effectiveness Of Leaders †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Motives And Effectiveness Of Leaders? Answer: Introducation Among the several leadership studies conducted, the trait approach to leadership theory is the study that has been successful in withstanding the test of time. The result of this study is that it has been successfully established that there are certain personal characteristics and skills that contributed the effectiveness of leadership under several situations. In the present essay, the leadership trait theory will be evaluated and it will be critically analyzed with the help of real life examples. In this regard, there are certain personality traits described by the researchers that are used by effective leaders. These traits include trustworthiness, warmth, high tolerance for frustration, self-confidence, assertiveness, enthusiasm, extroversion, emotional stability and self-confidence (Alves, Manz and Butterfield, 2005). It is an exhaustive list, and certainly it cannot be expected that all these trades will be present in a single leader. However, they present an excellent base of study. At least the good leaders should acknowledge the benefits provided by each of these personality traits. For example, opened relations can be promoted by a leader with his followers if he or she has a good sense of humor. In the same way, the enthusiasm of the leaders certainly helps in motivating the staff (Ayman, 2004). It is the finding of several leadership style theories that obviously the situation will significantly impact the mix of personality traits held by a leader or at least the traits that such a leader expresses to hold. For instance, assertiveness may be emphasized by a politician through his or her decision-making, as well as the high tolerance for frustration in turbulent times, but such leaders may not be able to establish a sense of humor (Casimir and Waldman, 2007). As the politician cannot show all the personality traits that have been mentioned in the trait theory, it certainly cannot be said that such a person is not a good leader. Such a situation only means that situational leadership is used by a good leader for the purpose of adapting their personality traits to respective environment of leader-follower (Daft and Lane, 2005)). It can be said in this context, that there are certain personality traits that lend themselves to particular jobs. For example, there are certain persons who have established themselves as remarkable leaders in their current positions as a result of their personality, but the same persons have proved to be ineffective leaders while they were acting in some other position. Therefore, it can be said that while a leader may adapt its behavior to particular situation, there are certain underlying personality traits present that cannot be hidden. There can be a huge difference between these personalities and behaviors (Davis and Rothstein, 2006). They can be very effective or disastrous, keeping in view the situation. It has also been stated in this regard that often the leaders are in a position to adjust their behavior according to the people under them. However, if they had been there for a long time, people will find out (Deng and Gibson, 2008). The meaning of this situation is that the behavioral traits can be superficial. While dealing with the issue of good leadership, it needs to be kept in mind that trust and honesty may be excepted by inconsistent behaviors. As a result, a person is required to be careful while incorporating new behaviors in their style of leadership, particularly when such behavioral traits are not in tune with the underlying personality characteristics of such a person (Lin, 2009). It has been said that the task related personality traits of both leaders include courage, flexibility, passion, adaptability, locus of control and emotional intelligence. All these traits are particularly related with the way in which the leaders view their last and also the drive of the leaders to achieve these tasks. Particularly the significance of emotional intelligence in a leadership situation has been well recognized (Trevio, Weaver and Brown, 2008). It has been claimed that without emotional intelligence, a person will not be in a position to lead anybody anywhere. It is also believed by many experts that empathy for the situation of the people is most important for maintaining trust. Generally it has been seen that the people only want to be heard and understood (Resick, Hanges, Dickson and Mitchelson, 2006). Therefore it is important for a leader to have an awareness regarding the feelings of people, which allows it to pitch their conversation at the level that has the mos t impact. As a result, it can be assumed that the trait of emotional intelligence is a personality trait that enjoys universal appeal irrespective of the position of the leader or the situation. The trait of emotional intelligence helps in all communication. Similarly, it can be used as a point of leverage during the conversations that a leader as with his followers. When a reader is able to understand his or her followers, the followers are also more likely to understand the leader (Robinson and Harvey, 2008). There are a number of behavioral and personality traits studies that have been conducted over time, even if, keeping in view the interest of studying good leadership, it is important that the person also considers the motives that every great leader has. In this regard, there are four motives that have been described by the experts and all of these needs to be considered as task related. These motives include power motive, tenacity, drive and achievement and strong work ethic. It is denoted by the power motive that there is a strong need on the part of an effective leader to control resources and also at the termination of exerting their power. For example, Kim Jong II may have a strong power motive when he rules his country with an iron fist, and he also has the need to control the people and the resources of the nation. It has been said by the experts in this context that a sense of fulfillment is obtained by the leaders when they are able to influence people. Therefore, perhaps influence can be described as the simplest form of power that all the leaders enjoy over their followers (Robinson and Harvey, 2008). Obviously, there is the drive and achievement motive. It is required that the study focused on good leadership should concentrate on this motive. The reason is that this motive promotes an effective work environment. It acts as a greatest motivation. It has also been said that the most effective leaders receive motivation from the need to accomplish and developing their ego. A leader enjoys a lot when he is told that he could see is a great leader. Such a comment is an ultimate reward for the leader. Therefore, it becomes possible to realize the close link that is present between recognition and accomplishment. While the leaders may be motivated for achieving a particular task but they may also be doing so due to the expected knowledge. The leaders may try to receive this acknowledgment because it generally flows down the hierarchy and is less seen flowing up the hierarchy. In this way, in context of the leadership motive theory, apart from brides and achievement motive, there is another motive that can be described as acknowledgment. Strong work ethic has also been described as a motive. That is possessed by the effective leaders. This motive is also required to be studied by the students of good leadership. The reason is that this motive encourages dedicated, hard work environment. It is also being found that it is appropriate to study this motive because there are certain leaders who lead mainly by example. Such leaders have strong work ethic. Therefore, they rely on the fact that other people will observe their work practices. The dedication and commitment to one's work can influence the followers and it will also create respect for the leader among the followers. Another reason is that no one likes a lazy boss (Yan and Hunt, 2005)). It is important for every student of good leadership to study leadership traits, motives and characteristics. It also needs to be acknowledged that there are a number of personal traits that contribute in the effectiveness of leadership. It also needs to be understood the significance of these traits varies in accordance with the position or the situation in which they are practiced. Therefore, close attention needs to be paid to the difference that exists between personality traits and effective leadership behavioral traits as they directly influence the perception of the followers' regarding the leader. It is also important that a subjective view is taken by a person regarding the leadership motive theory so that a distinction can be maintained between their own motives and they can acknowledge this situation that would be most suitable for them. References Alves, J.C., Manz, C.C., and Butterfield, D.A. (2005) Developing Leadership Theory in Asia: The role of chinese philosophy. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 1, 3-27. Ayman, R. 2004. Situational and contingency approaches to leadership, In J. Antonakis, A. Cianciolo R.J. Sternberg (Eds.), The Nature of leadership, 148-170, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Casimir, G., and Waldman, D.A. (2007) A cross cultural comparison of the importance of leadership traits for effective low level and high level leaders, International Journal of Cross Cultural Management. 7(1), 47-60 Daft, R. L., and Lane, P. G. (2005) The leadership experience. (3rd ed.). Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Davis, A., and Rothstein, H. (2006) The effects of the perceived behavioral integrity of managers on employee attitudes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 67, 407419. Deng, L. and Gibson, P. (2008) A qualitative evaluation on the role of cultureal intelligence on cross-cultural leadership effectiveness, International Journal of Leadership Studies, 3 (2), 181-197 Lin, C. (2009). Cultural influences on moral reasoning capacities of purchasing managers: a comparison across the Taiwan strait. International Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 37 (2), 203-208 Resick, C.J., Hanges, P.J., Dickson, M.W., and Mitchelson, J.K. (2006) A cross cultural examination of the endorsement of ethical leadership Journal of Business Ethics, 2006, 345-359 Robinson, D.A., and Harvey, M (2008) Global leadership in a culturally diverse world, Management Decision, 46, 466-480 Trevio, L. K., Weaver, G. R., and Brown, M. E., (2008) Its lovely at the top: Hierarchical levels, identities, and perceptions of organizational ethics. Business Ethics Quarterly 18(2): 233-253. Yan, J., and Hunt, J. G. (2005) A cross cultural perspective on perceived leadership effectiveness, International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 5, 49-66

A Sample of Expository Essay Free Help from Top Writers

A Sample of Expository Essay Free Help from Top Writers Here is a good expository essay sample to help you understand the rules of expository writing. An expository essay is meant to describe, explain and inform the reader. The sample expository essay below explains the correlation between the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and gas prices in the USA. While this essay by far exceeds the five paragraph standard,  this essay  was written to conduct a  deep analysis of the situation with gas  prices  within the USA after the 9/11 attacks. Please note the structure of the essay despite exceeding the five paragraph format, it still consists of the introduction, body, and conclusion. If you are looking for a top quality, a  custom-written expository  essay with a proper language and formatting, feel free to visit our order page.  Our experienced writers will come up with a tailor-made solution  that fully matches your requirements and will help you to master expository writing. Gas Prices pre and post 9/11/2001 and Its Effect on U.S. Economy Petrol, or commonly known as gasoline in North America, is a liquid mixture that is obtained from petroleum or can be considered as one of the main products obtained from refining crude oil. Gasoline is mainly made up of aliphatic hydrocarbons and is usually improved through the addition of aromatic hydrocarbons toluene, isooctane or even benzene to further raise its octane ratings. Primarily, gasoline is used as a fuel in internal combustion engines such as in automobiles and light trucks and accounts for almost 17 percent of United States’ energy consumption. Gasoline, or â€Å"gas† as its colloquial term, is also used to fuel recreational vehicles, boats and most of the  equipment  that is used  on  farms and in construction. Though the production of gasoline occurs year-round, there are still extra volumes of gasoline that are made to meet the gasoline requirements during the summer driving seasons. Gasoline has three main grades and these are premium, regul ar, and mid-grade, which is all derived from oil refineries. Several pipelines that are linked to a massive distribution chain are used to serve 168, 987 retail gasoline stations. The three main grades have different octane level, and their prices also vary according to the grade of the gasoline. Though usually, the price differential that is present between the grades is constant. Generally, gas prices have been increasing before the 9/11 incident, and it affects the economy of US and other countries either directly or indirectly through the consumers, especially their buying power. The cost that is included in the production and the transportation of gasoline from the source to the consumers is the cost of crude oil to refiners. Furthermore, the marketing and distribution costs, the refinery processing costs and the retail station costs along with the imposed taxes of that state on gasoline  are also included in the costs of production and manufacture of gasoline. All of these costs are mainly reflected in  the amount that the consumers pay in the gasoline stations. A large component that is included in the retail price of gasoline is the taxes imposed in it, either it may be Federal, State or local. The taxes account for more or less 19 percent of what the consumers pay for  every gallon of gasoline. Almost 18.4 cents per gallon of gasoline is from the Federal tax and more or less 21 cents per gallon of gasoline is due to the State tax. Furthermore, the implementation of eleven States levy added State sales and other taxes and the additional local county and city taxes that is applied on gasoline, imposes a significant effect or impact on the price of gasoline. The difference in the price of gasoline that is observed from one state or town to the other is due to the varying taxes imposed and due to the varied formulations implemented in the different parts of the state, county or region. Only 19 percent of the amount paid by consumers is due to refining costs and profits while only 9 percent of the retail cost paid by consumers per gallon of gasoline is due to marketing, distribution, and retail dealer costs. Gasoline prices normally increase or decrease even if the price of crude oil that is used in the production of gasoline is stable, generally because of factors such as changes in crude oil prices, seasonality in the gasoline supply and demand balance, and unusual events or trends affecting the supply and demand balance. Also, local retail station competition could affect the prices of gasoline. Domestic problems that could disrupt the crude oil supply may include refinery outages and pipeline outages or demand, which includes differences in the specifications set by a particular region, area or season on the product. The effect of unusual events or trends had always influenced the price of gasoline and these includes a weakening economy, an increase  in the production of gasoline from refineries but a decrease in the demand for gasoline for jet fuels and automobiles and the September 11,  2001, terrorist attacks. These factors account for almost, but not greater than, 30 cents pe r gallon of gasoline. September 9, 2001, commonly known as 9/11, includes a series of coordinated terrorist attacks by a nineteen terrorists who were said to be affiliated with the Al-Qaeda, whose also hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners and committed suicide attacks, crashing the each of the planes into four different targets. The World Trade Center in New York City is one of the terrorists’ targets, resulting  in  the collapse of the two buildings. Due to the 9/11 incident, rumors on the increase of the gasoline price had spread onto consumers like a forest fire. Panic buying had occurred, and the demand for gasoline increased. The 9/11 incident does not have any impact on the gas supply, therefore, should not have any impact on the gasoline price and their effects on the economy are not directly connected. Crude oil and gasoline prices constantly increase  before the September 9, 2001  terrorist attacks.  Ã‚  On January 1, 1999, the average retail regular price for crude oil and gasoline was almost 39 dollars per barrel. This price increased up to 40 dollars per barrel then decreased to 36 dollars per barrel in March 1999. But this decrease in the crude oil and gasoline price was not continuous. In May 1999, the crude oil and gasoline prices increased tremendously to 48 dollars per barrel. Since then on, the prices kept increasing and decreasing, then again increasing at a higher price (dollars per barrel) every month in the year 1999 up to July in the year 2000 almost equal to 70 dollars per barrel. By August and September 2000, the prices of crude oil and gasoline decreased greatly up to almost 59 dollars per barrel and increased slightly in October 2000 to 65 dollars per barrel. The prices of crude oil and gasoline no longer increased any higher than this but decreased up to 58.80 dollars per barrel in January and April 2001. The prices of crude oil and gasoline started to increase rapidly by the second week of May 2001. The average retail regular price of crude oil and gasoline was at its peak in the second week of May 2001, with almost 72 dollars per barrel. The price ranged from 70 to 72 dollars per barrel from May up to the end of July 2001. Then it had rapidly decreased up to almost 57 dollars per barrel in August 2001. The decreased in the price of crude oil and gasoline was not continuous. Due to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the prices increased due to panic buying from the consumers. Rumors of a tremendous increase in the crude oil and gasoline prices struck fear among the consumers. The scarcity of gasoline and crude oil supply also added to the consumers’ fear of having to avail gas at an unimaginable price. Lines to gasoline stations in the days after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks were really long, where customers had to wait hours just to get gasoline. The sudden increase in the demand for gasoline made gasoline stations and dealers hungry for more profit, led to an increase in the price of gasoline, higher than the price in August 2001. From almost 57 dollars per barrel in August 2001, prices increased to almost 66 dollars per barrel in the second week of September 2001. The prices of gasoline and crude oil continued to be sold at a range of 64 to 66 dollars per barrel up to October 2001 (Burdette, 2001). The prices of crude oil and gasoline because of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks were alarming, especially to the regulatory board on the prices of crude oil and gasoline. The government started to place penalties and fines to gasoline stations, dealers, and suppliers who would impose gasoline prices that are above or higher than 2 dollars per gallon. Information dissemination was also done by the government to inform consumers of the actual price of crude oil and gasoline. The supply of crude oil and gasoline was also shown to the consumers in order to avoid further panic buying. The action of stabilizing the price of crude oil and gasoline made by the government resulted in a decrease in the gasoline price back to 58.80 dollars per barrel in October 2001. According to Michael Burdette, a consultant to the Energy Information Administration, â€Å"as of October 29, 2001, the national average retail price of regular gasoline was 1.235 dollars per gallon, its lowest level sinc e November 8, 1999† (2001). Since September 17, the average price of gasoline had already fallen up to 29 cents in just six weeks. In Midwest,   the average retail price of regular gasoline had reached a very sharp decline of 33-cents drop. This drop occurred in the national average in of 10 weeks during the Memorial Day up to the first week of August and it was only interrupted by a brief 17-cent rise in the second week of August. All in all, a decrease of almost 48 cents of the national average retail price of the gasoline was achieved from its peak in May and it is considered to be the widest one-year range in retail prices since 1990, especially considering the time frame of just five months. Economically, the sudden increase in the demand for gasoline had boosted the amount or barrels of gasoline sold in the market within a short period of time. The prices at first seemed to be a burden for consumers, but due to government regulations on the price of gasoline, the burden was lifted. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks had a large impact, not only in the prices of gasoline but in the economy (especially in the world markets) as a whole. A temporary reduction or decrease in the contract with banks was done by the Federal Reserve whereas, by September 11, the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, and NASDAQ were all closed and remain as it is until September 17. When the stock market re-opened, the U.S. stocks lost $1.2 trillion in value for the week. The 9/11 incident also has extended effects to other states. Supply of gas fuels ran out in other states the next morning after the terrorist attack. In Iowa, prices were said to reach 4.65 dollars per gallon, in Michigan, it is almost over 5 dollars a gallon. A convenient store under the Casey’s Inc. in Illinois was investigated and would be penalized $50,000 if found guilty of price gouging. The company initiated customer refunds immediately. Another effect of increasing fuel prices is th e reduced productivity growth in the general economy (National Research Council (U.S.), 1988, p.124) The gasoline prices before the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks have been observed generally to increase, with some small decrease in gasoline price on months between intervals of an increase. The gasoline price had reached its peak of 72 dollars per barrel in May 2001. The price increase at its highest has been attained even before the 9/11 incident. Before the terrorist attack, the gasoline price had already decreased largely and the price gouging and consumer panics on September 11 and the day after that had increased the gasoline price, but not to a level that is greater than the price of gasoline in May 2001. It can also be noted that after a week or month after the 9/11 incident, gasoline price reached its lowest price of 1.235 dollars per gallon, its lowest price since November 8, 1999. This is due to the strict implementation and immediate action done by the government and regulatory boards on the price of gasoline. The gasoline prices had affected consumers greatly for they are the ones who suffer any price gouging done by dealers or retailers. Economically, gasoline price, after its regulations and stabilization, had increased the buying power of the consumers specifically on gasoline since no additional or reduced prices on other commodities were reported. The huge decrease in the world markets and stocks can be greatly attributed to the 9/11 terrorist attack, but not on the gasoline price. Therefore, any increase or decrease in the price of commodities is not due to gasoline prices but due to the incident. Furthermore, the 9/11 incident should not have had any impact on the gasoline supply.

Free Essays on On “Her First Ball“ By Katherine Mansfield

Writing From A Woman’s World Everything is so magical, exactly the way it is in fairyland. Leila, Katherine Mansfield’s main character in the short story, â€Å"Her First Ball†, is absolutely breath-taken at every sight and sound at the ball. Everything around her is so strikingly new and enthralling. It is Leila’s first ball, and her first exposition to society. Mansfield describes the young girl’s emotions and excitement in a way that incarcerates her readers in the quaint fantasy world of Leila, and within the damsel’s spinning cyclone of different feelings and emotions. Mansfield illustrates a rich, colorful fairy-tale-like picture as the setting of Leila’s world. We can obviously sense how Leila’s perception of the ball is that of a dreamlike event. The author shows her readers at the beginning of the story how Leila felt more like Cinderella incarnated in her body; for, her thrill is felt when she is in the cab passing by â€Å"waltzing† lampposts. Apparently, Leila’s heart is beating fast here, and we can almost hear its pulse, especially when â€Å"she tried not to smile too much; she tried not to care†(p.40). The author’s creation of a dream world is revealed in the way Leila views everything with wide eyes and astonishment. Simple common details, such as â€Å"Meg’s tuberoses, Jose’s long loop of amber, Laura’s little dark head†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (p.40) are even seen by her as most charming and extraordinary. Unmistakably, Mansfield is constructing â€Å"fairy land† as the setting of the story through the eyes of Leila. In order to sketch the ball through Leila’s eyes, Katherine Mansfield writes the story from a feminine point of view. The writer of the story seems to understand Leila’s awe, and even seems to have lived similar experiences. If a man were to write in Mansfield’s style, it would most likely be difficult for him to achi... Free Essays on On â€Å"Her First Ballâ€Å" By Katherine Mansfield Free Essays on On â€Å"Her First Ballâ€Å" By Katherine Mansfield Writing From A Woman’s World Everything is so magical, exactly the way it is in fairyland. Leila, Katherine Mansfield’s main character in the short story, â€Å"Her First Ball†, is absolutely breath-taken at every sight and sound at the ball. Everything around her is so strikingly new and enthralling. It is Leila’s first ball, and her first exposition to society. Mansfield describes the young girl’s emotions and excitement in a way that incarcerates her readers in the quaint fantasy world of Leila, and within the damsel’s spinning cyclone of different feelings and emotions. Mansfield illustrates a rich, colorful fairy-tale-like picture as the setting of Leila’s world. We can obviously sense how Leila’s perception of the ball is that of a dreamlike event. The author shows her readers at the beginning of the story how Leila felt more like Cinderella incarnated in her body; for, her thrill is felt when she is in the cab passing by â€Å"waltzing† lampposts. Apparently, Leila’s heart is beating fast here, and we can almost hear its pulse, especially when â€Å"she tried not to smile too much; she tried not to care†(p.40). The author’s creation of a dream world is revealed in the way Leila views everything with wide eyes and astonishment. Simple common details, such as â€Å"Meg’s tuberoses, Jose’s long loop of amber, Laura’s little dark head†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (p.40) are even seen by her as most charming and extraordinary. Unmistakably, Mansfield is constructing â€Å"fairy land† as the setting of the story through the eyes of Leila. In order to sketch the ball through Leila’s eyes, Katherine Mansfield writes the story from a feminine point of view. The writer of the story seems to understand Leila’s awe, and even seems to have lived similar experiences. If a man were to write in Mansfield’s style, it would most likely be difficult for him to achi...

BSc Criminology - Criminal Justice and the Crime Problem Essay

BSc Criminology - Criminal Justice and the Crime Problem - Essay Example It is useful to compare the trends in the data series. For example both charts give property crime the largest section (78 and 75 percent respectively). Looking at Tale 4.06 women are more likely to be attacked than men and younger women are more vulnerable than any other group. Overall non-married persons are more likely to be victims than married persons. To a certain extent identifying persons who are socialising outside the home as being more at risk is nonsense, since if one is attacked inside the home that becomes a burglary. It would also be useful to know how many victims actually knew who the perpetrator was. On the figures given here one would assume that most crime is anonymous and yet we know this is not statistically true. Further, there is no breakdown by gender and we must ask the question are women more likely to be attacked whilst under the influence of alcohol or are they simply more likely to be victims of this type of crime regardless of sobriety? Whilst the survey states that people who had left the house for less than three hours a day were significantly less likely to have been victimised this actually tells us very little. As one ages one has fewer reasons to be away from home for extended periods of time. As noted earlier, if one is attacked in one’s home the name of the crime changes. The survey indicates that marital status affects the risk of being a victim of theft from the person. That is hardly surprising given that the majority of persons in England are beneath marriageable age and it is the non-marrieds who are more likely to have the time and spending power to be out socialising in urban areas. It is also more likely to be a reflection of the fact that 2 out of every 3 marriages in England/Wales end in divorce. The immediate difficulty with data presented in the format of Figure 6.3 is that it actually makes it difficult to determine what one is seeing. For example we are asked to view the data by

Website Field Trip 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Website Field Trip 2 - Essay Example , their financial status, the organizations they are affiliated with, job opportunities available with ABA and in all the entire purpose of ABA and the way it serves the customers. The website also offers memberships to students that are studying law, to different types of lawyers and all those who are interested in the profession of law. ABA provides the legal professionals with resources for the purpose of developing standard ethical codes, improvements of justice administration, focusing towards law school accreditations, so on and so forth. The website has briefings about its mission and goals and also the career opportunities in ABA. The website gives a good insight on many of the legal issues and requirements on different aspects for lawyers and law students both. The main purpose of the website is to give the law professionals information related to the subject and hence this website would prove to be highly useful for lawyers of any discipline and law students as well. This website can be strongly related to criminal justice, ethics and the course as it provides all the resources such as books and publications required to understanding law of any discipline and ethics as well. All types of government and legislative work details are elaborated on the website that allows the viewers to gain an insight on the law principles. Changes in policies are updated on the website making it easier to be well aware of policy changes taking place in the different disciplines of law. There is a separate section on ethics and professionalism and this section helps to understand the various ways on dealing with ethical situations, ethical opinions and how to respond in an ethical way towards various scenarios. For example, on the website professional conduct rules book is a new book and its information is updated on the ABA website. The new entries as such on ethics and professional conduct are updated on a constant mode. Criminal justice law cases are discussed and

Adventure Travel In India Market Study Tourism Essay

Adventure Travel In India Market Study Tourism Essay Adventure sports have seen a tremendous growth is the last six to seven years and the future looks very bright. The government is also doing its bit in order to promote adventure tourism in India. The Indian tourism industry has a lot of myriad players who want to latch on the opportunities that beckon in this field of the industry. But the industry and its players continue to be a house of disorder. This paper looks into the clear and present opportunity that lies ahead of the Indian Tourism Industry in the form of Adventure Travel, and analysis the various aspects that need to be kept in mind as the investors go out in search for the suitable customers to cash in on this multimillion dollar cheque. INTRODUCTION A man cannot discover new oceans unless he has the courage to lose sight of the shore, were the words of the famous French noble laureate Andre Gide and the increasing demand for the adventure sports indicates that people have entered the 21st century with renewed courage to find enjoyment in the thrills of the adventure filled outdoor activities. Thus, it can be seen like leisure tourism, adventure sports is becoming an integral determinant behind the tourism dynamics. As a subject for academic analysis, tourism can be said has reached a stage of relative maturity. A casual review of journals serving the subject area reveals a number that have been in existence for over 25 years (e.g., Tourism Management, Annals of Tourism Research), with the Journal of Travel Research publishing its 45th annual volume in 2007. Similarly, the range of journals reveals the diversity of issues considered (e.g., Tourism Geographies, Tourism Economics, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, and Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing). With the evident relative lack of research in the area of Adventure Sports Tourism, it would be sensible to turn to research in the area of promoting the various disciplines of adventure sports by integrating it with operations of tourism management. This research will look into the increasing demand for the adventure sports, breaking with the cultural and geographical conformism of conventional holidays and trips, and will analyse the potential for it to tap effectively. OBJECTIVE Research in the field of sports tourism has burgeoned over the last decade. In a study conducted by a renowned publication, unsurprisingly, the most studied activity was major event sports tourism like Olympics, World Cups, etc.(40% of articles), with outdoor and adventure sports tourism (29%) and skiing and winter sports (15%) being the other two significant areas.1 This being a clear indication of the increasing demand for the adventure sports, the objective of this paper will be to study the feasibility of marketing, conducting and benefitting from such events specifically in India. This market study will broadly consist of two parts which will help the readers decide the readiness and the viability of the adventure sports market. Part-1 discusses the concepts and approaches that might inform an analysis of adventure sports in Indian market. And part-2 will conduct a critical evaluation and the determining factors of investing in this area of business. If youre not living on the edge, youre taking up too much space.Overall, the reader should after considering a personal perspective should be able to determine the likely success of new product or service ideas. PART 1 THE SERVICE Landscape and topography of India lends itself to variety of Adventure Sports activities. Not many people would agree, due to its unexplored avenues, that India is a place where one can indulge in numerous adventure activities, if not all. Definition of adventure is different for different person and best thing about adventure tourism in India is that it provides adventure sports ranging from soft adventure to active and extreme adventure. Soft adventures are ideal for family and kids and require very little or no skill and experience. Extreme adventure in India can be physically and mentally demanding and require good experience. The service which is being discussed here has two aspects to it one being the tourism in India and the other being the adventure sports. These two complement each other in the way that for a customer the need for one of the above may often lead to the demand for the other. For e.g. for someone visiting Manali, in the Northern part of India for a Holiday, a chance visit to the snow capped Rohtang Pass may encourage the trying of skiing which is promoted in the area. Thus it makes sense to look into both of these aspects individually to get a holistic view of the service being provided i.e. Adventure Travel. TOURISM Tourism for long has promised to be a sunrise industry for India. India is blessed with a vast range of practically everything that a successful tourism offer needs from mountains to rivers to history to religion and culture. The economic and political case for investments is also politically attractive. Tourism promises an inflow of hard currency and at the same time also promotes goodwill. It creates demand for a variety of industries like transports, hotels, handicrafts, entertainment and so on. With improved tourism in India the overall quality of life is sure to improve over a period of time. And yet India seems to be remarkably lethargic in making money out of tourism. The situation is rather pitiable and the following statistics emphasise that fact: Indias share of global tourism market 0.67% Number of tourists visiting India 2.6 million against Chinas 37 million. In terms of tourism revenues as share of GDP Indias Rank is 124th The spirit, cohesiveness, and vision that have spurred India to the top of the heap in diverse industries is lacking in this sector. The absence of integrated vision is compounded by a lack of initiative and tardiness in implementing policies. In a study conducted on Indian Tourism, it has been stated that, while there exists an ability to invest there also exists an equal degree of unwillingness to break away from the beaten path and take risks. The country is sitting on a virtual goldmine with a wealth of sights cultural exuberance, diversity of terrain and that special something that only India can deliver. Tourism has the potential to do something bigger than what IT has done for India. Priority should be given for development of tourist infrastructure in selected areas of tourist importance and for those products which are considered to be in demand in the existing and future markets so that limited resources are put to the best use ADVENTURE SPORTS IIndia, one of the most enchanting, incomparable and invigorating travel destinations all over the world, is a true treasure trove for the adventure enthusiasts. India has all the perfect ingredients that enchant its tourists with real fun and excitement. WATER The Himalayas offer you some of the toughest and most exciting river runs in the world. River sports in the rapids are the most popular, throughout the summers and can really get your adrenaline pumping. White Water Rafting, Kayaking, Snorkelling or Scuba Diving if there is a concept of water sport in Adventure you can find it in this country. TREKKING Source : World Tourism Organisation WHERE DO YOU WANT TO GO?You can trek for one day or one month; backpack all your gear and wonder off in the wild or stroll comfortably with just a shoulder bag, water and camera whilst animals transport your camping gear, heavy baggage and logistic loads. You may set a challenging pace and go over difficult grades and high passes or just amble along, enjoying the wild nature, magnificent scenery, uncomplicated lives of people staying close to nature, stopping when you please, chatting with your companions, forging new relationships and hoarding a fund of fascinating memories to cherish. More extreme ways of trekking are Rock Climbing and Mountaineering. Rock Climbing as a sport it took off only about 15 years ago. Rock climbing uses a minimum of aids and the challenge is to find the toughest route and scale in the least possible time. The availability of good climbing rocks not too far from the city gets greater access and participation from professionals as well as from the amateurs alike. Mountaineering takes place at biggest adventure playground in the world -the Himalayas. Mountaineering is a serious activity undertaken with the primary goal of reaching a mountains summit. It requires a high degree of fitness and experience. Due to its high equipment costs and complexity, it is mostly taken up by foreign tourist coming to India. Himalaya promises every climber their share of adventure, which lures them to the mountains. AERO Experience Just like on the land, there are various adventure opportunities in the air too. Man has for times immemorial, longed to glide and soar like a bird in the sky. Parasailing and Paragliding are indeed, experiences which combine the wonder of smooth sailing in the air and the thrill of soaring high. Once in the air, you experience the ethereal serenity of the sport. It is an experience that is, surprisingly, thrilling as well as becalming. Other Activities Other extreme sports include the likes of skiing which is seasonal in nature and can be only carried out during the winters. Another very popular activity is bungee jumping which can be carried out even in the urban areas with the help of the required infrastructure. The potential MARKET AREAS Popular Destinations HIMACHAL PRADESH Himachal Pradesh is a complex mosaic of hills, lush green valleys and snow-covered peaks. The name itself originates from the ancient Sanskrit hima (snow) and achal (that which cannot be moved). This land of fascination and mystery with its age-old culture kindles deep interest and commands respect. It is replete with dense forests, fast-flowing rivers, terraced fields, snow-covered mountains, small fairyland villages and friendly folk all adding to its charm! Himachal Pradesh is also a treasure trove of ancient arts and crafts and rich traditions. PROs Established tourism Infrastructure like Hotels etc. Abundance of natural resources for conducting activities. Excellent govt. Support in setting up of new ventures. Trained Human resources available. CONs Market filled with unstructured profit making activities. Overcrowding of popular tourist centres. Local resistance present will affect the business. Many areas inaccessible. GOA Goa is a paradise for water sports lovers and has always appealed beach enthusiast and water sports lovers. The long coastal stretches offer loads of opportunities to indulge in all sorts of water-sport activities and also to try on some new watery excitement. Surf the seas or float across the skies, the options of sport enjoyment is never ending in Goa. One can never get tired of scuba diving into the wreckage of the colonial ships. The para-gliding, para-sailing, acquatics sports, water-skiing and wind surfing will be completely thrilling. Source: Ministry of Tourism, GOI PROs 105km of coastline provides ample opportunity for implementing innovative ideas. As shown above, Goa has the largest turnover of tourists in India. Easy accessibility with good road and rail transport and fully functional Intl Airport. CONs Lack of law and order. Poor transport facilities within Goa. Untrained hospitality staff. High costs due to black marketing. Untapped Destinations North-East Region The rich natural beauty, serenity and exotic flora and fauna of the area are invaluable resources for the development of ecotourism. The region is endowed with diverse tourist attractions and each State has its own distinct features. North East India presents some very outstanding and challenging adventure sports in India for the adventure enthusiasts coming from all over. PROs Untapped Market. Ideal Terrain for adventure sports. Readily available human resource which can be trained according to the needs. Government of India attaches great importance to the development of tourist infrastructure in the North Eastern region in view of its immense tourism potential. CONs Lack of infrastructure. Climatic extremities are hard to overcome in some regions. Social unrest can be disturbing. ANDAMAN NICOBAR Islands This UT does not have any other competitive advantage that comes even remotely close to tourism, because of the beauty and abundance of its natural resources. Theres tremendous scope for adventure sports, scuba diving snorkeling, swimming, sun-bathing, trekking and just soaking in nature at its most beautiful. However, till now, in the absence of a specifically stated tourism policy and a strategic implementation plan, and any gains accruing are more through serendipity rather than conscious effort. PROs Popular amongst both local and international tourists. Tourism is the main stay of the region, thus all the development is centred towards the infrastructure for tourists activities. Easy availability of human resources. CONs Not an accessible region as travelling from mainland takes lots of time and money. Dearth of basic infrastructure in areas except for the capital Port Blair. Thus the analysis of the various regions indicates that Indian Tourism has loads of untapped potential. Evident lack of policy or vision from the government has resulted in its inability to scale up infrastructure. If that is taken care of there can a surge in the number of tourist indulging in adventure travel. TARGET CUSTOMERS Over the last ten years, India has witnessed substantial changes in its leisure and travel choices and demands. This can be attributed to the rapidly growing economy, supported by globalisation and privatisation, which has lead to increased spending power and greater leisure time. Now, instead of spending a holiday being herded around in a tour bus, the sophisticated Indian traveller wants experience-oriented vacations. This has made adventure tourism a particularly exciting field to be in. According to Pranav Kukreti, Director, Marketing, of Treks n Rapids, The psychology of the modern Indian traveller has changed completely. Gone are the days when they were happy with simply staying in a resort in Shimla or Nainital. Now, they want excitement and adventure, The tourism industry fetches two million adventure tourists and is growing at over 35 per cent annually. It is estimated that India has the potential to attract another half a million foreign adventure tourists. The domestic market is also set to see a ten-fold growth in the next five years. This rise can be majorly attributed to the changing consumer behaviour of the urban population. It will be appropriate to divide the study of the customers into Domestic and International. Domestic The key socio-economic trends which have contributed to the increase in demand of the adventure sports can be listed as follows: Middle Class The size of the middle class families have stated shrinking with growing industrialization, while their pockets have grown bigger and bigger. With the adoption of concept of nuclear families the size of the families has gone down from 8-4 and 4-2. The leisure time that the members of the family get to spend together is preferably spent on quality holidays. Thus, adventure travel offers an excellent opportunity for the people to make their kids have fun while they rejuvenate themselves from the maddening office schedules. Urban Youth Youths have always had a strong urge to be non-conformist, and this behaviour is evident in their spending decisions too. Now with this urge being supported by ample spending power, Indian youth is raring to enjoy the thrills of adventure sports. Jawaharlal Nehru had talked about Indias Tryst with Destiny at the stroke of midnight hour, Indias latest tryst with destiny, BPO, is equally connected to the midnight hour. This tryst is also about independence: the independence of the Indian youth. To the delight of the marketers, the youth market theyve been chasing all these years finally has a credit card with no supervised spending limit. Corporate Promoted Activities Another windfall for the industry has been created by the corporate sector with almost 70 per cent of the demand for adventure tours originating from here. Tour operators have special two to three day packages for corporate teams. The idea here is to link sports with skills like time and stress management or working under pressure. The exercise is meant to rejuvenate as well as re-skill. Data of Foreign Travellers Source: MoT, GOI, Annual Report Adventurous Kids The kids at present have more self-sufficiency and influencing power in the family. They are well networked (read social networking), well informed and social. The ability of the kids to nag their affluent in making them purchase stuff for them is known as pester power. This pester power is also enabling them to undertake various school trips and adventure camps where they enjoy with their individual social groups. INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS India is emerging very strongly as a brand. With the inquisitiveness about India rising all over the world, more and more foreign tourists are coming to India to experience its vibrant cultures. But while they visit the popular destination it can be a good value addition for their trip if they can be offered an experience of river rafting in the rapids of the Ganges or a paragliding experience may accompany their sun tanning on beaches of the Goa. The foreign tourists have high spending power and if the infrastructure and quality adventure sports facilities are available to their discretion, the promoters can be rest assured of a significant contribution to their balance sheets in dollars. The global meltdown combined with the Mumbai attacks have spelt disaster for the tourism industry with foreign tourist arrivals dropping by 2.1% and foreign exchange earnings down by 12.5%.   Reeling from these statistics, the tourism ministry is considering several sops for the hospitality and travel industry. Amongst these include offering free air travel and accommodation to foreign tourists who visit India for the third time. This move, if approved, will mean encouraging genuine Indophiles and is in line with our effort to encourage repeat travellers, an official from the Ministry of Tourism said while addressing the media. Indicating the Significant growth of the middle class Increasing Spending Power of the Domestic Market PART 2 Now that we have looked into the various characteristics of the adventure travel in India, it will be propitious to look into the various profitability and marketability aspects related to the business of Adventure Travel. Considering Adventure Travel to be a brand, the marketing mix (given in terms of 4Ps by Philip Kotler) of brand Adventure Travel can be: Product Adventure travel should position itself as one of the competitive alternatives when it comes to attracting tourists. Marketing adventure travel needs special focus on influencing the psychology of the perspective customers by influencing them with its core competencies of thrill and adrenaline rush. A synergic attitude between the government agencies and the private parties can take the quality of adventure sports to a world class level and promote a surge of tourists to experience its excitement. Collaborating with Major media houses to promote Adventure Travel in IndiaPrice Hotel prices in the U.S start at around $300 (expedia.com) whereas the average rate for a deluxe room in India is around $100 only. Thus if the facilities for adventure sports are produced at a large scale in India its prices will surely be low, due to the low labour cost and manufacturing costs. Within the sector the competitive pricing of the adventure travel will depend on the collaboration between the service providers and the service facilitator. i.e. the parties which are able to provide a complete package to its customers including, travel, accommodation and the adventure activities will be more in demand as their operations cost will be significantly low and at the same time level of convenience very high. Place Though we have so far talked about the tourist destinations as being the ideal places for providing this service, it may not be a bad decision to have such activities in the areas in the vicinity of the cities. By providing such services at a relatively approachable distances the rate of new customers coming to experience the new and the talked about activities will be more. And it may also be easier for the working executives to take out some time from their schedule, like an excursion on the weekends. This though will be a completely strategic decision keeping in mind the competitors and the various alternatives in hand. While this strategy may not work in a city like Delhi which has various hill-stations in the vicinity but may work quite well in city like Ahmedabad where the people have a significant spending power and not many similar options either. Promotion If adventure travel in India has to be established as a global brand, first the communication needs to go out to the primary audience, i.e. the one billion people of this country. If the government, the media and the trade bodies are able to influence a part of the population, they can spread the word, which in this age of networking will surely spread like fire. Collaborative marketing efforts involving the traders, the media houses, government and a good network of brand ambassadors can provide a structured and a long term approach to brand development of Adventure Travel in India. For e.g. collaborating with the GOIs Incredible India! Campaign and engaging the famous Hindi movies star Akshay Kumar (who is well known for his action and stunts) will go a long way in establishing a brand image in the minds of the Indian customers. CASE STUDY Water Sport Adventure Tourism at Indira Sagar Madhya Pradesh has a wide range of adventure sports such as wildlife sanctuaries, mountains, rivers that make MP an exotic place to visit, which is attracting the domestic as well as the international tourists. Apart from these natural regions the Government of MP is intending to promote other regions such as Indira Sagar water reservoir for tourism. The GoMP has proposed to come-up with the Adventure Tourism Zone at Indira Sagar in Khandwa district. This Zone would have two phases wherein one phase would be developed near the mentioned reservoir and the second phase would be developed on the island formed near the dam. The Zone would have various water sports, trekking, mountaineering facilities along with the traditional accommodation facilities. The project is expected to attract tourists primarily from the State and other parts of the Country. The proposed location is well connected with the major cities of the State through road and rail. Private Players have been invited to undertake the proposed project wherein the Private Player would build, own, maintain and operate the project. PROJECT RATIONALE The prime reason for increase in demand for adventure sports is the growth youth tourism which has been identified as one of the largest segments of global and domestic tourism. The growing number of young travellers is being fuelled by a number of factors such as increased participation in higher education, falling level of youth unemployment, increased travel budget through parental contribution, quest for exciting and unique experiences and cheaper long distance travel. These young travellers form a major contribute to adventure tourism revenue. GOVERNMENT SUPPORT The State Government would assist the private investor in identifying, immediate approval and clearance of the suitable land for the project. Further, the Government would also make basic infrastructure available at the site such as water, electricity, road etc. The State Government has identified adventure/ eco tourism as key segment of tourism and gives some incentives specific to the industry. This case study gives the clear indication that this is an upcoming area of business and has huge potential and the best way forward is collaborating the effort towards successful brand building. MARKET METRICS Threats Entry of multinational agencies to dominate the business. Lack of Govt. Support Low operational cost for the unorganised sector Generic competition with other tourists attractions. Opportunities High growth rate of leisure travel Rising influence of Indian Middle class Holidaying becoming a status symbol. Corporate support to adventure tours and travels More consumption power. WEAKNESS High infrastructural cost. Low level of marketing Psychological resistance to adventure sports in Indian mentality. Lack of collaboration and networking among the existing players. STRENGTH Offering something new and exciting to the huge Indian Population. Success abroad can be emulated domestically by collaboration. Increasing interest of foreign tourists in India. High growth potential The market metrics can be analysed by doing a SWOT analysis of the adventure travel in India. MARKET GROWTH Note: The per capita income of the Indian citizen rose by 12.7 % during the fiscal year 2008-09.(Reserve Bank of India). The foreign tourists arrival in India registered a growth of 5.6% during the year 2008.(Ministry of Tourism, Annual Report 2008-09) Both of the above mentioned statistics indicate an increase in the demand for the adventure travel services. While the domestic travellers will continue to send their ever increasing earnings, the foreign tourists will continue to venture out to the lesser explored countries like India. Thus, it is now in the hands of the industry players to tap the clear and present opportunity and act proactively with or without the collaboration of the government authorities to gain head on advantage in the upcoming field of business in the tourism industry. Conclusion High Price High Quality Low Price Low Quality As their countrys growth and recent success might suggest, Indian consumers are among the most optimistic. A June 2008 Nielsen Consumer Confidence Index among 48 countries found India to be the second most optimistic country behind Norway with an index of 122 (global average was 88). They are also greatly value-driven, with an expectation that values should be customized and adapted to Indian culture-not an easy task when dialects change every 100 kilometres and almost three-quarters of the population lives in hard-to-reach rural areas. Not surprisingly, the companies most likely to succeed with Indian consumers are those with the highest levels of patience, resilience and local understanding. But this confidence surprisingly not enjoyed by the Adventure Travel service currently available in the tourism market as it is being offered to the customers at a quality which is nowhere close to world class and is relative expensive option for the Indian consumer. The industry needs to collaborate amongst itself and with the support of the government try providing highly satisfactory Adventure travel to its customers at an affordable price. Only then will it be able to market its product convincingly and effectively to the customers, ensuring a growth oriented sustainable future.